Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Adenosine, a purine nucleoside with the IUPAC name 6-amino-2R,4R,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,5-dione ribofuranoside, has the molecular formula C10H13N5O4 and a molecular weight of 267.24 g/mol. Structurally, it comprises adenine linked to D-ribose via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Therapeutically, it is used to terminate supraventricular tachycardia, induce coronary vasodilation during stress testing, and manage neonatal apnea. Soluble in water, it exhibits weak basicity with pKa values of 3.8 and 9.5. Adenosine activates A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 receptors, mediating vasodilation, antiarrhythmic activity through potassium channel activation, and modulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) signaling pathways. Its stability is pH-dependent, degrading in acidic environments.