Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Carbamazepine, a dibenzazepine derivative with the IUPAC name 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide (C15H12N2O, molecular weight 236.27 g/mol), is a white crystalline solid exhibiting limited water solubility. Its fused bicyclic structure features a central azepine ring with an amide substituent. Clinically, it serves as an anticonvulsant for epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia, and as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Mechanistically, it inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, reducing neuronal excitability, while modulating calcium channels and neurotransmitter release. Key physicochemical properties include a melting point of 188–192°C and lipophilicity, facilitating blood-brain barrier penetration.