Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Carvedilol, (±)-1-(9H-carbazol-3-yl)-3-(4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy)-2-propanol (C27H33NO3, 419.55 g/mol), is a non-selective beta-blocker with alpha-1 antagonism. Its structure features a carbazole ring, phenoxy moiety, and methoxyethyl side chain. Therapeutically used for hypertension, heart failure, and angina. It is a white crystalline solid, slightly water-soluble, with a pKa of ~9.3. Mechanism involves blocking β1/β2-adrenergic receptors and α1-adrenergic receptors, reducing cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Additionally, it exhibits antioxidant activity via free radical scavenging.