Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Clonazepam (IUPAC: 7-chloro-2-methylamino-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine) is a benzodiazepine derivative with molecular formula C15H10ClN3O and molecular weight 283.45 g/mol. Structurally, it features a 1,4-benzodiazepine core substituted with a 7-chloro, 2-methylamino, and 5-phenyl group. Therapeutically, it serves as an anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant. It is a white, crystalline solid with low water solubility and moderate lipophilicity. Mechanistically, Clonazepam enhances GABAergic neurotransmission by potentiating GABAA receptor activity, increasing chloride ion influx and neuronal hyperpolarization. Its pharmacokinetics involve hepatic metabolism to active metabolites, with elimination via renal excretion.