Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Cyclophosphamide, IUPAC name 2-Amino-4,4-bis(hydroxyimino)-2-oxotetrahydrofuro[3,4-c]pyridine-1-oxide, is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent with molecular formula C8H15Cl2N3O4P and molecular weight 320.07 g/mol. Its structure features a cyclic phosphoramide moiety and chloroethyl side chains. Therapeutically, it is employed in oncology for leukemias, lymphomas, and solid tumors, as well as in autoimmune disorders. A prodrug, it undergoes hepatic metabolism to active phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. It exhibits moderate water solubility and is a white crystalline solid. Mechanistically, it alkylates DNA via cross-linking, disrupting replication and transcription, while acrolein induces urotoxicity. Its efficacy stems from sequence-specific DNA damage in proliferating cells.