Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Cyclophosphamide (IUPAC name: 2-amino-1,1-dichloro-2-(2-chloroethyl)phosphinic acid) is an alkylating agent with molecular formula C8H15Cl2N2O2P and molecular weight 273.11 g/mol. Structurally, it features a dichloroethyl group and a phosphoramide mustard moiety, belonging to the nitrogen mustard class. Therapeutically, it is used in oncology for lymphomas, leukemias, and solid tumors. It is a white, crystalline solid with low water solubility and a melting point of ~100°C. Mechanistically, it undergoes hepatic biotransformation to phosphoramide mustard, which crosslinks DNA strands, and acrolein, a urotoxic byproduct. Its activity relies on metabolic activation and DNA alkylation, inducing apoptosis in proliferating cells.