Pharma & Specialty Chemical Standards

Diazepam, a benzodiazepine derivative with the IUPAC name 7-Chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (C17H12ClN3O; molecular weight 324.77 g/mol), features a 1,4-benzodiazepine core substituted with a 7-chloro, 1-methyl, and 5-phenyl group. It exhibits lipophilicity, weak basicity, and high solubility in organic solvents. Therapeutically, it acts as an anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant. Diazepam enhances GABAergic neurotransmission by potentiating GABA-A receptor activity, increasing chloride ion influx and neuronal hyperpolarization. Its pharmacokinetics involve hepatic metabolism to active metabolites, with elimination via renal excretion.